The Sisters Mainini and Lucia in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s “Nervous Conditions”

One of the most successful pieces of literature from Africa is the novel of the Zimbabwean native Tsitsi Dangarembga, â€Å"Nervous Conditions†.   The novel talks about the situation of African women and the predicaments they have to face on a daily basis. Dangarembga seems to argue that there is a sort of entrapment of women within the society stripping women of genuine freedom and an unprejudiced position in the society. It is expressed by the narrator and protagonist of the story, a young African girl named Tambudzai in her line â€Å"†¦my story is not after all about death, but about my escape and Lucia’s, about my mother’s and Maiguru’s entrapment, and about Nyasha’s rebellion† (Dangarembga 1) Dangarembga’s beautifully constructed novel strives to provide suggestions on how to avoid such gender related entrapments that are biased to patriarchy. This is a prevalent vicious cycle of powerless women is not only present in Africa, but all over the globe as well. To communicate the issues of African women, Dangarembga had created an ensemble of African Women that have varying voices to represent women of different views regarding the role of women in they society. If we were to relate Dangarembga’s Nervous Conditions to a painting, it seems like she had used different colours and varying strokes through her beautifully designed characters. In the heart of this painting are the sisters Ma’Shingayi, more commonly called â€Å"Mainini†, and Lucia. The sisters have contrasting personalities but interestingly their differences can still lead the readers towards insights regarding the role of women in the society. Let us first discuss the character of Mainini, since she has a much closer relation to the protagonist, who is her daughter. Mainini could be described as a supportive mother—that is for the case of her dead son Nhamo, but not for Tambudzai. Mainini became very devastated by the death of her son, to whom she had worked hard to provide education. After the unfortunate death of her investment, her son, she became a negative thinking character. She thinks maliciously and more often jealously of others that are around her.   Their hard life adds more to Mainini’s negative outlook in life. Mainini plays an important role in the text as the narrator thinks of her as a representation of a repressed woman. The book characterizes Mainini as too submissive and obedient. Her being subservient makes her prone to abuse by opportunists.   Because if this trait, her way of thinking evolved into something that sort of paranoid, that others will always take advantage of her.   This can lead her to a vicious conclusion that there are no reasons for a person to be kind, because this world runs under a dog-eat-dog system. The narrator describes her mother Mainini through this line â€Å"†¦who suffered from being female and poor and uneducated and black so stoically† (Dangarembga 86) This line suggests that Mainini is the representation of the disempowered woman. The saddest aspect about Mainini is that she herself views herself as powerless. It seems that Mainini is already worn-out by all the burden that she carries. She had expressed her exhaustion from her life through this line â€Å"†¦the business of womanhood is a heavy burden†¦how could it not be? Are not we the ones who bear children† (Dangarembga 16) That line just suggests that Mainini recognizes that there is inequality in terms of gender. She questions why women are not compensated and treated as equal to men. She had thrown this question when she notices that men can act lazy while it is regarded as unwomanly to act in such a way. On the other hand, we have Mainini’s sibling Lucia. Lucia can be considered an opposite of Mainini interms of personality and outlook in life. The book had described Lucia as someone who has a strong personality. In fact, ther personality was so strong that people were afraid of her specifically because they suspect Lucia to be a â€Å"witch† and a â€Å"prostitute†. Dangarembga had designed Lucia’s character as surrounded by mystery and malice. Lucia’s role in the narrative seems to be a thinking character. She would throw witty and smart lines like â€Å"even if you ignore me†¦it doesn’t mean I am not here† (Dangarembga 125) Another of her positive trait is that she is a warm-hearted and caring person. But despite those positive traits, Lucia is perceived by their community negatively. She is viewed to be a sexually promiscuous woman and she becomes the topic of gossipers in their community. It is believed in the story that Lucia has affairs with â€Å"†¦men who did not want to settle down but who were often very rich†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Dangarembga 127) Lucia is also considered as a talkative and expressive individual.   Lucia in fact lectures woman whom she thinks are being abused because of clinging unto conventional nations about womanhood. Lucia’s way of thinking can also be traced to the disempowerment of women in their community. But unlike Mainini, Lucia had developed a positive outlook and disposition. Lucia becomes an admirable character in the story as she is the only one speaking a witty tone. We can interpret that her kind of mindset is due to the fact that she recognizes that their society is like a prison for women, but however the men take advantage of her, they can’t take advantage of her free mind. Lucia’s open-mindedness highlights the flaw that makes women inferior to men in terms of societal roles. Just like here sister Mainini, Lucia had had her share of misfortunes and abuses. She was sexually abused by Takesure, a womanizer who has no means of supporting those he impregnates, and forced to be one of his many concubines. A villager had said â€Å"†¦look at that Lucia! Ha! There is nothing of a woman there† (Dangarembga 126). The villager may had jumped to that conclusion because the more conventional notion about womanhood is far from the characteristics of Lucia. What the critics of Lucia fail to see is that she had jumped over the fence that is set by the society and traditions. She had deconstructed the stereotypes that are much associated with womanhood such as being subservient and proper. Lucia’s character may have wanted to communicate to the readers that these â€Å"societal fences† are set up with patriarchal thinking, they will always be in favour to men. What the characters of Mainini and Lucia had shown us are different ways of thinking by a woman. Their kind of thinking does not only exist in books, these kinds of mentalities of women also exist in the real world, sometimes in even more extreme forms. The character of Mainini tells us a story that we can consider as common. Women remain silent and meek even though they are being abused deliberately. They don’t fight, and does not want to fight, the vicious cycle of women abuse. That is because they think that being abused is their role as a woman. This way of thinking is never good for any woman. As the character of Mainini had shown us, her self-induced repression makes her treat everybody with hostility. On the other hand, Lucia had shown us that some traditions and standards had to be brought down in order for women to achieve genuine freedom from male dominated societies. Lucia had shown us that an open-mind can break through the chains that bounds women. Mainini and Lucia had shown us that it is all a matter of choice, whether a woman should choose to be abused or to be free. Works Cited Dangarembga, Tsitsi. Nervous Conditions. Seattle, WA: The Seal P, 1989.      

Prisoner Rehabilitation Essay

The rising inmate population and overcrowding in prisons is a problem. A lot of this problem comes from repeat offenders who have had a lack of prison rehabilitation. People have two different views about the prison system. The first is that prisons are â€Å"jails† and that everyone in the â€Å"jails† should suffer for their crimes. They feel since they are criminals and do not abide by the rules of society they should not be able to become part of a society. Others view prisons as correctional facilities where prisoners can accept their mistakes and be rehabilitated, eventually being assimilated. I feel that that â€Å"jails† are from criminals such as rapists, murders and other criminals that clearly will never be able to accept the rules society and show no hope of being rehabilitated. On the other hand I feel that some criminals see the light of there mistakes while in prison and want to move on and hopefully never return to prison. But prisoners loathing for prison alone cannot guarantee prisoners to not end up in the same position once free. Prisoners need to be cured in more ways than fearing punishment. I feel these prisoners need to be rehabilitated to the point that at the end of there sentence they realize that committing crimes is only a way out and feel they will not fall back into a life of crime and be ready to enter society as a free man with some aspirations of a law abiding life. But usually this never happens because of the way prison rehabilitation is. Prison Rehabilitation is mostly the experience of prison itself where you go in to a place that makes you live around criminals and never get out of the criminal mind state and never can grow to realize your mistakes and move on in your life. Towards the end of your sentence there is usally no help to integrate back into society at all, which is the most critical time for help. It seems to me that during the last years of a prisoner who has a good prison record’s sentence they should be eligible to enroll in correctional prisons that weren’t required to be paroled but provided a alternative to â€Å"jail† and provided you with not only more freedoms than jail but an opportunity to make it a smaller step into the real world than coming right from jail. This correctional facility soul purpose would be to rehabilitate while still providing similar jail atmosphere. It would be mandatory to take high school or college classes or be trained in certain vocational areas where your grades would determine eligibility. Along with these classes there would be a series of other classes that would integrate you back with society. This would be totally up to the prisoner to maintain and get the most out of this because that is what you have to do to succeed and be rehabilitated.

The global health threat of climate change - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 13 Words: 3807 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Environment Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Climate Change Essay Did you like this example? Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century. Effects of climate change on health will affect most populations in the next decades and put the lives and wellbeing of billions of people at increased risk. During this century, earths average surface temperature rises are likely to exceed the safe threshold of 2 °C above preindustrial average temperature. Rises will be greater at higher latitudes, with medium-risk scenarios predicting 2-3 °C rises by 2090 and 4-5 °C rises in northern Canada, Greenland, and Siberia. With this current situation, the whole of U.K. population is at risk considering the changing patterns of disease, water and food insecurity, vulnerable shelter and human settlements, extreme climatic events, and population growth and migration. Although vector-borne diseases will expand their reach and death tolls, especially among elderly people, will increase because of heat waves, the indirect effects of climate change o n water, food security, and extreme climatic events are likely to have the biggest effect on global health (Prof A. Costello FRCPCH, S Ball BSc, C Patterson LLB). Aside from the bigger picture of climate change we still need to consider the leading global risk for mortality, Hypertension is responsible for 12.8% (7.5 million) of total deaths worldwide, according to a new report issued by the WHO. The report also identified hypertension as responsible for 3.8% of years of life lost due to premature death plus years of healthy life lost due to illness and disability (known as disability-adjusted life years) (Colin Mathers, PhD, coordinator for mortality and burden of disease at the WHO). Majority of the U.K. population is exposed to a total of 8 risk factors (hypertension, alcohol use, tobacco use, high body mass index, high cholesterol, high blood glucose, low fruit and vegetable intake, and physical inactivity) account for 61% of loss of healthy life years from cardiovascular dis eases, and 61% of cardiovascular deaths. The same risk factors account for more than three fourths of deaths from ischemic and hypertensive heart disease. The Shift of affairs from national level to global status is influencing health challenges. On top of domestic problems, all countries must now deal with the international treat of transferring health risk. These new challenges are demanding forms of international cooperation, which, if developed, may also help to reconcile general national self-interest with international mutual interest. Economic globalization has been the fundamental driving force behind the overall process of globalization over the last two decades. It has been characterized both by a dramatic growth in the volume of cross-border flows and by major changes in their nature. International trade has grown at an accelerating pace nearly 8.6% per year (Bull World Health Organ vol.79 no.9 Genebra 2001). We cannot underestimate the implications of these cha nges for health. In addition to their own domestic problems, all countries must now deal with the international transfer of risks. The most obvious case of the blurring of health frontiers is the transmission of communicable diseases. Again, this is not a new phenomenon per se. The first documented case of a transnational epidemic was the Athenian plague of 430 b.c.7 The Black Death of 1347, which killed one-third of the European population, was the direct result of international trade. In the sixteenth century the conquest of the mighty Aztec and Inca empires was an early example of involuntary microbiological warfare through the introduction of smallpox. More recently, the global spread of the influenza pandemic of the early twentieth century accounted for far more casualties than did WorldWar I. What is new is the scale of what has been called microbial traffic. The explosive increase of world travel produces thousands of potentially infectious contacts daily, and jet plane s have made even the longest intercontinental flights briefer than the incubation period of any human infectious disease. Thus, a Peruvian outbreak of cholera turned into a continental epidemic in a matter of days in the early 1990s. Drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis have traveled from detention centers in Russia to Paris in just a few hours. Likewise, the Asian tiger mosquito, a potential vector for dengue fever virus, was introduced into the United States in the 1980s in a shipment of used rubber tires imported from northern Asia. These are all examples of what is called our new biocultural era, generated by radical changes in our environment and lifestyles according to Man and Microbes author Arno Karlen. Indeed, to make matters more complex, it is not only people, microbes, and material goods that travel from one country to another; it is also ideas and lifestyles. Smoking provides a clear example. Whenever a legal or regulatory battle against the tobacco companies is wo n in a State, everyone rejoices for the public but trembles for the consequences in other countries, because those very victories give those same companies the incentive to look for new markets with less stringent regulations. Already about four million people die from smoking-related causes every year. By 2020 that number will grow to ten million, making tobacco the leading killer worldwide. 1.2) 40 years ago, activities in international health were the domain of The World Helath organization (WHO), governments (based on bilateral agreements), and non-governmental organisations. This has changed. Today, new players (such as the World Bank and, increasingly, the World Trade Organisation) have an influence on international health. As globalisation of trade and markets takes hold, new coalitions and alliances are forming to examine and deal with the direct and indirect consequences on health. A new cooperation in international health, voicing concerns about rising potential inequal ities in health, both within and between countries is on the scene (G.Walt. Globalisation of international health The Lancet) Health systems around the world are facing similar challenges; many of them, as we just discussed, are related to globalization. Developed countries are witnessing problems of cost explosion, irrational use of technologies, and consumer satisfaction. Developing nations are dealing with problems of access to care, quality of services, and unregulated growth of the private sector. The communication revolution provides the opportunity to exchange information about the challenges facing national health systems and about the initiatives to deal with them. In addition to that, there are international private sectors that are willing offers assistance to health organizations globally, Utilizing there experiences and advancements. To be informative, such exchange should be based on sound evidence about alternatives, so that we may build a solid knowledge base of w hat really works that may be transferred across countries when it is culturally, politically, and financially reasonable. This obviously implies a strong international influence on health care. 1.3) European Countries had joined together in an effort to better the standards of health practices on workplaces. An example of this is the European Network for Workplace Health Promotion (ENWHP). Since it was established in 1996, this has been the vision of the European Union. The Network was founded when the European Union adopted the Programme of Action on Health Promotion, Education, Information and Training to improve public health standards in Europe in which workplaces were accorded a special role. Health promotion for employees has after all verifiable effects and serves the common interest as well as promoting social and economic prosperity. Since it was established, the ENWHP has grown steadily with a current 31 members from national safety and health and public health organiza tions from the EU Member States, Switzerland and countries of the European Economic Area. Over these years the EU has made quite an impact: successfully formulating a general definition for workplace health promotion (WHP) in Europe; developing standardised criteria for good quality WHP and publishing reports with models of good practice from a wide range of industrial sectors. The ENWHP has also developed a European toolbox of successful practices and identified strategies to help keep workers longer in employment. In addition, national networks were established by the Network in recent years on national level to disseminate information on WHP to a wider audience. However, to turn our vision into reality there still remains much to be done. A large number of companies and organisations still need to be convinced that WHP is a worthwhile investment. We are confident that by working together on our new initiatives, including our campaign to promote healthier lifestyles at work, we will continue to be successful over the coming years (European Network for Workplace Health Promotion). Workplace health promotion (WHP) is not just theoretical. It is taking place in enterprises and organisations with practical programmes running on-site. But, if the WHP measures are to bring real and long term improvements for the employees and to become a model for success, their quality must be guaranteed. The European Union membership on such organization is clearly giving a big impact on each of its countries industries. Workplaces in most of the EU members are now being complaisant to the standards that are being established. References 1. McMichael AJ, Beaglehole R. The changing global context of public health. Lancet, 2000, 356: 577-582. 2. Yach D, Bettcher D. The globalization of public health, I: threats and opportunities. American Journal of Public Health, 1998, 88: 735-738. 3. Yach D, Bettcher D. The globalization of public health, II: the convergence of self-interest and altruism. American Journal of Public Health, 1998, 88: 738-741. 4. Lee K. Globalization and the need for a strong public health response. European Journal of Public Health, 1999, 9: 249-250. 5. Globalisation of international health The Lancet, Volume 351, Issue 9100, Pages 434-437 G.Walt 6. Dr. Maria Dolores Solà ©, Dr. Karl Kuhn Chairpersons of the ENWHP 2.1) Costs of benefits for environmental awareness in a health care perspective will depends on the size, sector, structure, market, culture and the regulatory context. Norms and values have implications on research, how you view the relationship between environment, Health care and Profitability. Legislation is the main influencing factor for companies to do environmental changes. Adopting an environmental awareness policy may have several items to consider: Perspectives on regulation International policy and voluntary initiatives Strategies and the environment Environmental Manage ment Systems and Standards Environmental Reporting Environmental Management Accounting There are three perspectives to consider in strategic environmental policy: External influences (Industry structure, market, environmental risks, regulatory influences, customers, NGOs) Firm context (market strategy, internationalisation, organisation structure, environmental risks etc.) Network (Dependency relationships with suppliers and customers and their environmental problems. A company with more control can have a more offensive environmental strategy) There are three sets of issues to consider in strategic environmental policy: Risk (higher for multinational companies) Supply chain management Green capabilities Regulating environmental awareness and policies may lead to the following: Pollution haven (a country attracts investors thanks to lax or no regulation) Flight (Investors leave a country because of strict regulation) Innovation (Strict regul ation forces companies to innovate) Protectionism (Regulation to protect certain companies from competition) Cooperation (companies cooperate with regulators) In addition to all implication is the accounting aspect. Environmental management accounting plays a key role in establishing and adopting an environmental awareness policy. Here are four different definitions to environmental costs: The costs of business impacts on the environment and society for which firms are not legally accountable (also called externalities or external costs) The financial burden for firms as a consequence of environmental regulation The costs of environmental measures All costs that are relevant for environmental management Cost calculation should also be used for the following reasons: Internal communication External communication Policy formulation Capital budgeting Negotiations Cost allocation 2.2) Based on the economics of adopting a policy of environment al awareness, in order to maintain the environment it should be managed accordingly. Part of the over all preparatory set up in adopting a policy is the Environmental Management System (EMS). An environmental management system will also include improvement cycles. An EMS is that part of the overall management system which includes the organisational structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for determining and implementing the organisationas overall aims and principles of action with respect to the environment. The actions to be should encompass the totality of organisational, administrative and policy provisions to be taken by a firm to control its environmental influence. The organization should be identifying environmental impacts and legal obligations, the development of a plan for management and improvement, the assignment of responsibilities and the monitoring of performance. According to Prof.dr. Ans Kolk of Amsterdam Business School You s hould check and act. The organization must also educate its stakeholders, influencing them to act in the maintenance process through Sustainable development and Social responsibility to maintain the goal in the environment. Every action will always be rooted back to the goal of sustainability through responsibility. 2.3) In order to measure workplace health and safety we need engage in several assessments first. Through Risk management we are able to assess the risk of a specific process involved in a workplace. Risk management is an ongoing process that should be undertaken now, if it has not been done before, When any new work is planned including laboratory/workshop/course work, When planning or making a significant change, After an incident, at regular intervals appropriate to the nature of the workplace and the hazards present and when legislative obligations including regulations change. We also need to consider the Hazard of the specification versus the risk. A hazar d is something with the potential to cause harm. This can include chemical substances, plant, live electricity, work process and/or other aspects of the work environment. Risk on the other hand is the likelihood that illness, injury or even death might result because of the hazard. Here are the basic steps in indentifying: Identifying the Hazard Assess and prioritize Risk Analysing the risk involves determination of the: Consequences outcome of an incident Exposure interaction with hazard Probability likelihood that consequences will occur once individual is exposed In order to further assess risk and hazard in the workplace, you can also use a risk calculator. Here is how to use a Risk Score Calculator: Estimate the Probability Estimate the Exposure Identify the Consequences Determine the Risk After the steps in identifying the risks and hazards of the work environment and the job itself, we need to assess the control measures that are esta blished in the organization. The control measures should adequately control the risks; not create other risks and allow the staff to do their work without undue discomfort or distress. There will be a need to develop work procedures in relation to control measures, which may involve clearly defining responsibilities of management, supervisors and workers. Most organization uses the Hierarchy of Control Measures: Eliminate the hazard is the first choice. The ideal solution is to get rid of the hazard completely. This is the most effective control measure and should always be considered first. If the hazard cannot be eliminated completely there are a number of control options that can be used to prevent or minimise exposure to the risk: Substituting a less hazardous material, process or equipment; Redesigning the equipment or work process; Isolating the hazard through engineering separating the worker from the hazard; Administrative controls involve minimising exposure to a risk through the use of procedures or instruction. This could involve limiting the exposure time to a particular hazard such as noise or radiation; Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used as a last resort when exposure to risk is not or cannot be minimised by other means. PPE is worn by people as a final barrier between themselves and the hazard. This measure does not control the hazard at the source but relies on behaviour modification for its success. The success of this control is dependent on the correct PPE being chosen, worn correctly, used correctly and maintained in good condition. Administration and the use of personal protective equipment are the lowest priority on the list of controls. These controls should NOT be relied on as the primary means of risk control until the. All relevant persons must be knowledgeable about the control measures being implemented; in particular, the reasons for the changes. We need to check if adequate supervision to verify that the control measures are being implemented and used correctly. We also need to know if the measures are being monitored and reviewed. Monitor: Chosen control measures have been implemented, as planned? Control measures are working and are adequate? Did the implementation of the control measures create other hazards? Review: Has anything changed over time since the process was implemented? Is the control of risks still adequate? Was the risk management process conducted effectively? References: Risk Management Code of Practice 2007: Department of Employment, and Industrial Relations Australian Standard AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk management Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 Workplace Health and Safety Regulations 2008 3.1) Protecting the health and safety of employees or members of the public who may be affected by your activities is an essential part of risk management and must be led by the board. Failure to include health and safety as a ke y business risk in board decisions can have catastrophic results. Many high-profile safety cases over the years have been rooted in failures of leadership. Health and safety law places duties on organisations and employers, and directors can be personally liable when these duties are breached: members of the board have both collective and individual responsibility for health and safety. By following this guidance, you will help your organisation find the best ways to lead and promote health and safety, and therefore meet its legal obligations. The starting points are the following essential principles. These principles are intended to underpin the actions in this guidance and so lead to good health and safety performance (The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has further advice on leadership for small businesses and major hazard industries). An organisation will never be able to achieve the highest standards of health and safety management without the active involveme nt of directors. External stakeholders viewing the organisation will observe the lack of direction.( Health and safety leaders in the public and private sectors (HSE).) Here are the responsibilities of an organization to its employees as the law stated: provide a written health and safety policy (if they employ five or more people); assess risks to employees, customers, partners and any other people who could be affected by their activities; Arrange for the effective planning, organisation, control, monitoring and review of preventive and protective measures; Ensure they have access to competent health and safety advice; Consult employees about their risks at work and current preventive and protective measures. Failure to comply with these requirements can have serious consequences for both organizations and individuals. Sanctions include fines, imprisonment and disqualification. For many organisations, health and safety is a corporate governance issue. The board should integrate health and safety into the main governance structures, including board sub-committees, such as risk, remuneration and audit. Guidance on the Corporate Governance requires companies to have robust systems of internal control, covering not just narrow financial risks but also risks relating to the environment, business reputation and health and safety. The organisation will find itself facing service improvement targets. Using corporate and clinical guidance, it set about taking a whole systems approach to managing corporate risk, giving one of its directors responsibility for the leadership of health and safety for the first time. Health and safety is also made a key item on the board agenda. This will result in a much better integrated health and safety management system that increases the opportunity to identify and manage all corporate risks, and a much more open culture, improving reporting and monitoring. The board actively promotes a culture that gives st aff the confidence to report incidents. Addressing health and safety should not only be seen as a regulatory burden. It offers significant opportunities. Benefits can include: Reduced costs and reduced risks -employee absence and turnover rates are lower, accidents are fewer, the threat of legal action is lessened; Improved standing among suppliers and partners; A better reputation for corporate responsibility among investors, customers and communities; Increased productivity employees are healthier, happier and better motivated. In addition, heres a list of responsibilities and actions that should be done and addressed regularly in the executive level of the organization: Health and safety should appear regularly on the agenda for board meetings. The chief executive must give the clearest visibility of leadership, but some boards find it useful to name one of their numbers as the health and safety champion. The presence on the board of a health and safet y director can be a strong signal that the issue is being taken seriously and that its strategic importance is understood. Setting targets helps define what the board is seeking to achieve. A non-executive director can act as a scrutineer ensuring the processes to support boards facing significant health and safety risks are robust. 3.2) While organizational interest in diversity continues to grow, many programs that support diversity initiatives are faltering. As a consequence, the valuing diversity movement now stands at an important crossroads. To say that todays choices and the actions taken will determine the ultimate success or failure of this vitally important initiative is no exaggeration (Marilyn Loden, IMPLEMENTING DIVERSITY). Workplace diversity refers to the variety of differences between people in an organization. That sounds simple, but diversity encompasses race, gender, ethnic group, age, personality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, edu cation, background and more. Diversity not only involves how people perceive themselves, but how they perceive others. Those perceptions affect their interactions. For a wide assortment of employees to function effectively in a healthcare organization, human resource professionals need to deal effectively with issues such as communication, adaptability and change. Diversity will increase significantly in the coming years. Successful organizations recognize the need for immediate action and are ready and willing to spend resources on managing diversity in the workplace now. Benefits of Workplace Diversity An organizations success and competitiveness depends upon its ability to embrace diversity and realize the benefits. When organizations actively assess their handling of workplace diversity issues, develop and implement diversity plans, multiple benefits are reported such as: Increased adaptability. Have a diversified organization has its own challenges which needs to be manag ed effectively. Implementation of diversity in the workplace policies This can be the overriding challenge to all diversity advocates. Armed with the results of employee assessments and research data, they must build and implement a customized strategy to maximize the effects of diversity in the workplace for their particular organization. Successful Management of Diversity in the Workplace Diversity training alone is not sufficient for your organizations diversity management plan. A strategy must be created and implemented to create a culture of diversity that permeates every department and function of the organization (Greenberg, Josh Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges and Solutions). Here are approaches to better manage diversity in a work place: Assessment of diversity in the workplace Development of diversity in the workplace plan Implementation of diversity in the workplace plan Foster an attitude of openness in your organization Promote di versity in leadership positions Utilize diversity training Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The global health threat of climate change" essay for you Create order

A Review On Organisational Theories - 1677 Words

BUS 5113 - Assignment Unit 1 - A review of organisational theories A review of organisational theories Craig Morley University of the People A review of organisational theories 1 In Chapter 2 of the Organizational Theory text we reviewed four theoretical contributions which are central to the understanding of today s Organizations. Offer a brief analysis of all four theoretical concepts and then pick the one you the feel is the most influential from both historical and managerial perspectives. Explain. Now, consider how these concepts impacted the development of the current organizational theories. There are four schools of thought which offer a theoretical explanation of organisational task and performance: Scientific Management†¦show more content†¦Mille Bindslev, Ventus Publishing, p30 A review of organisational theories 2 model of the early 20th Century. Like Ford s industrial model, the Scientific Management School no longer holds sway in its field as a managerial ideology . 6 The Administrative Theory school, championed by Taylor s contemporary Henri Fayol shared the process-driven approach of the Scientific Management School, but instead focused on administrative efficiency . The focus was on ensuring an organisation had the 7 right structure: a top-down pyramidal hierarchy to ensure coordination, and work teams to specialise on particular activities . The model has been subject to criticisms of 8 over-simplification . For example, the emphasis on structures at the expense of ensuring 9 organisational alignment to goals. Max Weber s Bureaucracy Model encompasses a wider realm than Taylor or Fayol s models, covering social and historical perspectives, and drawing on Weber s reputation as the leading light in the field of sociology . Weber defined bureaucracy as a specific 10 administrative structure, which is based on a legal and rule-oriented authority. This 11 included many elements of Fayol s Administrative Theory, but also covers goals, means, and side-effects.12 Weber s model forms the basis of many structural analyses, covering: strategy; structure; activities and implementation; and results. In essence, structure translating and 13 mobilising the strategy . ThisShow MoreRelatedContingency Theories in Management1657 Words   |  7 Pagesvariables of organisational size, routineness of task technology, environmental uncertainty and individual differences are reflected in the work of the manager that was interviewed. 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Persuasive Speech Sports Is A Huge Thing That Mean A...

Onsite audience Abstract: Sports is a huge thing that mean a lot for people all over the countries because of the entertainment which is provided to them by it. The sport has no meaning without the fans and spectators which they come and watch the sport onsite, they are like the soulmate they complete each other. The debate that has been found here was about â€Å"do onsite audience do more good than harm?†. There was two opinions that have been raised here, one opinion with the spectators while other opinion against the spectators. Who are against claim that spectators onsite do a lot of violence acts and they are huge danger on players because, they stress players while playing. On the contrary the other opinion say that the spectators do a lot for sports as they give spirit for players and also enhance the economy of a lot of team sports, the upcoming lines will show how sensible that why the second opinion is more true and valid. Nowadays the concept of spectating in sports is a part of the game, there is no meaning for sports without audience and fans. It has been known that the football has the most audience among all other sports, most of people love football and watch it frequently. There is a lot of other spectator sports like volleyball, hand ball , rugby , ice hokey and a lot of other spectator sports but football is the most watched sport and have most fans among these sports. Usually the football sport have most number of onsite spectators or audience dueShow MoreRelatedEssay on Terrorism in the Media1109 Words   |  5 Pagesaccompanying reports of their exploits, thus reducing terrorism to mere crime or sabotage. Through the media the world can see how terrorism has much in common with propaganda. Both can be expressed verbally and non-verbally and can be persuasive in intent, rather than, say, informative. 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The Last Battle by C.S. Lewis Essay Sample free essay sample

The Last Battle. the 7th and concluding book of The Chronicles of Narnia series written by C. S. Lewis is about the last conflict of Narnia against immorality and the decision to the fantastic narrative of the land of Narnia. The Last Battle trades with trueness and perfidy but in the terminal. goodness victory over immorality. The narrative starts with Shift the fallacious ape and Puzzle the non so cagey but mild donkey. tricked by Shift to feign as Aslan. The ape conspires with the Calormenes and deceives the speaking animals to obey orders in the name of Aslan. Narnia falls to the Calormenes. King Tirian. the last male monarch of Narnia puts a halt to the unorthodoxy and inhuman treatment to Narnians with the aid of his little ground forces. Eustace and Jill the youngest kids from the other universe. his friend Jewel the unicorn. Poggin the midget. Farsight the bird of Jove. We will write a custom essay sample on The Last Battle by C.S. Lewis Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page the speaking Canis familiariss and the other Narnians who remained loyal to the King. Aslan puts a lasting halt to evil and ends the being of Narnia. He rewards those who love him by allowing them in to his state. giving them the existent Narnia where merely the best things exist while those who hate him disappeared into the black shadows. Those who refuse to believe Aslan stayed in the dark sing emptiness. The narrative clearly depicts the good and bad and the effects you have to confront when you side with immorality. It inspires me to be a better individual and make good workss for I believe that in the terminal. all of us will acquire what we deserve. Lewis believes in the construct of Eden and snake pit. The manner he describes Eden is luring and I can truly conceive of it. I think it’s true plenty that goodness ever prevails. the bad will be punish and travel to hell while the good 1s will populate merrily of all time after with God in heaven as what Lewis tells in the book.

The Name Of The Rose Essays - Films, The Name Of The Rose

The Name of the Rose Umberto Eco has an interesting and fascinating style of writing as he, in great detail, tells of a series of crimes and unbelievable murders in a wealthy Italian abbey in the year1327. A monk, William of Baskerville, and his assistant, Adso, are assigned the challenge of decoding the numerous secret symbols to unravel the mysteries. They will have to explore the unusual labyrinth of a library to solve the crimes. The two monks have a lot of logic, wit, curiosity, and intelligence and find themselves up against a clever enemy, a murderer with all the appearance of the Antichrist. The original reason for William's being asked to come was to investigate the death of Adelmo, a young monk, who had apparently committed suicide. The abbot had heard of William's great knowledge and invited him to come and try to figure out the reason if or how this young monk had been killed. The abbot instructed him to bring a novice with him because the abbey had no one extra to spare. William had previously met a young monk named Adso during his travels and wanted him to come along so that he could later learn from William. The two traveled to the abbey, high on top of a mountain. When they arrived, the abbot showed his appreciation by preparing a large dinner in their honor. They were then informed of the details of the death of Adelmo. His body had been found at the bottom of a cliff on the side of the mountain. It was assumed that he had committed suicide, but they had no way of proving this hypothesis. If he had jumped, the only possible window would be from the library. This would be nearly impossible because entry to the library was forbidden to everyone except the librarian, and the assistant librarian; not even the abbot was allowed in this place. This explains why William was asked to come and investigate the death. If he didn't jump, who killed him and why? Another variable added to this whole problem was that someone had brought up the fact that the signs of the Antichrist were possibly being acted out. The Book of the Apostle said at the first sound of the trumpet came the hail, and Adelmo's body was found in the snow after a hailstorm; which was later found out from the abbot. Later that day, William and Adso had a brief encounter with Severinus, the herbalist. They asked him many questions about the abbey and what kinds of herbs he grew. They were trying to find out what, if any, herbs Adelmo may have gotten his hands on in order to kill himself. The only herbs that Severinus knew about that had that kind of power and that he had in his infirmary were still in their respective cases that had never been opened. After discussing this briefly, they asked Severinus to give them a tour of the Aedificium. Severinus took them up onto the second floor of the Aedificium, the Scriptorium. There they meet many copyists, scholars, rubricators, and the head librarian. They were also introduced to an old, blind monk named Jorge. They talked to Malachi, the librarian, about the books in the library. They had a very detailed talk with all of the people in the Scriptorium on the topic of laughter, which brings out the worst in some present, Jorge especially. He mentions that the Antichrist is on his way to the world because certain signs had been lurking around the abbey. He says, ? He is coming! .......Do not squander the last seven days!? At supper they were invited to the abbot's table to eat with Jorge; Alinardo, another older monk believed to have gone mad; the abbot; Malachi, the librarian; and Berengar, the assistant librarian. After dinner they went back into the church for Compline, the service before bed. They noted that Malachi had come in from a different door than all the rest of the monks. They then concluded that there must be an alternate entrance( an ossarium ) somewhere that he passed through the Aedificium to get out of the library. The next day they discovered something very gruesome. They were in the opening services when they noticed that Venantius was missing. During the service, a few swineherds came rushing in, which was very unusual, and went straight to the abbot. He rushed outside as the swineherds told all the other monks what had happened. They had seen legs sticking out of a barrel